Dieser Internet-Auftritt kann nach dem Tod des Webmasters, Peter Strutynski, bis auf Weiteres nicht aktualisiert werden. Er steht jedoch weiterhin als Archiv mit Beiträgen aus den Jahren 1996 – 2015 zur Verfügung.

Vorbild vermißt

Tag der Aufklärung über Minengefahr: Prominente zeigten Solidarität mit Opfern. US-Botschafter nahm Petition für Beitritt zu Verbotsabkommen nicht entgegen

Von Claudia Wangerin *

US-Botschafter Philip Murphy war am Donnerstag nicht bereit, persönlich eine Petition entgegenzunehmen, mit der 47670 Unterzeichner die Vereinigten Staaten auffordern, endlich dem internationalen Minenverbotsabkommen beizutreten. Die Hilfsorganisationen Handicap International und SODI (Solidaritätsdienst International) hatten deshalb symbolisch einen Briefkasten mit US-Fahne vor dem Brandenburger Tor aufgestellt und wenige Meter entfernt ein künstliches Minenfeld angelegt, auf dem ein professioneller Kampfmittelräumer seine Arbeit zeigte.

Rund eine halbe Million Menschen leben weltweit mit einer schweren Behinderung, die auf eine Minenverletzung zurückgeht. Besonders häufig trifft es ahnungslose, auf Feldern und Wegen spielende Kinder. Einige überleben dies nicht, vielen müssen danach die Beine amputiert werden. »Zeig dein Bein für eine Welt ohne Minen« heißt deshalb eine Kampagne von SODI und Handicap International, die am Donnerstag in Berlin und München ihren Höhepunkt fand. Neben unbekannten Friedensaktivisten hatten sich Prominente wie die Tatort-Kommissarin Lena Odenthal alias Ulrike Folkerts und Politiker mit hochgeschlagenen Hosenbein fotografieren lassen, um Solidarität mit den Minenopfern zu zeigen.

In über 60 Ländern und weiteren Gebieten, die international nicht als unabhängige Staaten anerkannt sind, liegen Landminen und andere nicht explodierte Sprengkörper zum Teil seit Jahrzehnten in der Erde. Besonders betroffen sind Afghanistan, Angola, Myanmar, Bosnien, Irak, Kambodscha, Kolumbien, Laos, Mosambik, Rußland und Tschetschenien.

Wer Kampfmittelräumer Olaf Kiesewetter bei der Arbeit zusieht, bekommt eine Vorstellung davon, welcher Aufwand gerade in unterentwickelten Regionen betrieben werden muß, um weite Flächen wieder begehbar und landwirtschaftlich nutzbar zu machen. Wenn der Metalldetektor anschlägt, kommt eine Sonde zum Einsatz, die im Abstand von Zentimetern im 30-Grad-Winkel langsam in die Erde gestochen wird, um Form und Größe des verdächtigen Gegenstands herauszufinden. Im 45-Grad-Winkel könne bereits zuviel Druck von oben erzeugt und eine Explosion ausgelöst werden, falls es sich tatsächlich um eine Mine handelt, sagt Kiesewetter.

35 Länder sind dem 1997 in Ottawa geschlossenen Verbotsabkommen für Antipersonenminen noch nicht beigetreten – darunter die USA als letztes NATO-Land. Für eine Welt ohne Minen sei der Beitritt der USA besonders entscheidend, weil diese »in ihrer Vorbildfunktion andere Staaten dazu bewegen könnten, das Abkommen zu unterzeichnen«, betonte SODI-Geschäftsführerin Sylvia Werther am Donnerstag vor dem Brandenburger Tor. 162 andere Staaten waren auf diese Vorbildfunktion nicht angewiesen und haben bereits unterzeichnet. Antifahrzeugminen werden allerdings auch in europäischen Ländern noch produziert und sind nicht verboten. Handicap International betont, derartige Minen könnten nicht zwischen militärischen Fahrzeugen und zivilen unterscheiden. Selbst die Hersteller der optischen Sensoren wie die Firma Honeywell äußerten demnach in einem Interview, sie würden »keinem deutschen Panzer raten«, sich in der Nähe aufzuhalten.

* Aus: junge Welt, Freitag, 5. April 2013

UN reaffirms commitment to world free of mines and remnants of war **

4 April 2013 – Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today reiterated the importance of eliminating the threat of mines and explosive remnants of war as a crucial endeavour that advances peace, enables development, supports nations in transition and saves lives.

“United Nations mine action programmes continue to create space for humanitarian relief efforts, peace operations and development initiatives, allowing UN staff to deploy and refugees and internally displaced persons to return voluntarily to their homes,” he said in a message to mark the International Day of Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine Action, marked annually on 4 April.

As highlighted by Mr. Ban, the UN continues to provide wide-ranging assistance to millions of people in 59 States and six other areas contaminated by landmines, including Afghanistan, Cambodia, Colombia, Laos, Lebanon and South Sudan.

“But more progress is needed,” he warned, most notably in Syria and Mali, where the devastating humanitarian impact of the use of explosive weapons in populated areas is growing.

Between May 2011 and May 2012, at least 4,286 people were killed or injured in incidents related to mines and explosive remnants of war, according to the UN Mine Action Service (UNMAS).

Mr. Ban said he was “encouraged” by the 161 States that have agreed to the Anti-personnel Mine Ban Convention, which bans the use, stockpiling, production and transfer of anti-personnel mines. States who are parties to the Convention also agree to destroy anti-personnel mines and assist landmine victims.

He also noted the importance of the Convention on Cluster Munitions, Protocol V on Explosive Remnants of War of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and called for universal adherence to these treaties.

Governments of mine-affected countries which receive UN assistance have the primary responsibility for mine action, UNMAS noted.

There are 14 UN departments, programmes, funds and agencies that provide various types of services, according to the agency. Some of these UN bodies target their services to a particular group of people, such as refugees, or to a special circumstance, such as a humanitarian crisis.

At the end of 2012, these entities agreed on a new strategy to guide UN mine action work through 2018. The new strategy includes for the first time a specific monitoring and evaluation framework to track and measure UN’s work.

The new strategy, Mr. Ban said, “sets out a series of steps towards a safer world where individuals and communities can pursue socio-economic development and where survivors are treated as equal members of their societies.”

At a press conference in New York, the Assistant Secretary-General of the Office of the Rule of Law and Security Institutions (OROLSI), Dmitry Titov, stressed to journalists that “mine action is about action” that includes humanitarian action and the removal of mines.

Also speaking to the media, the Chief of UNMAS Programmes, Paul Heslop, said “the battle against mines has been won” but needs sustained funding and international support to sustain it.

He noted the emerging threat caused by abandoned or poorly managed ammunition depots which UNMAS teams are increasingly encountering.

Mr. Heslop also spoke about the difficulties of identifying the origins of a landmine or unexploded ordinance, particularly in areas such as Syria where the insecurity prevents demining teams from working, and determining whether it is a new explosive or a legacy from earlier conflicts. If explosive materials had a stamp which read “produced in 2010 in x location, it would be easy, but they don’t,” he said.

Also at UN Headquarters in New York and in parallel in Geneva, a multi-media exhibit, entitled ‘For a Mine-Free World’, opens today to mark the Day and highlight 20 years of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines. The exhibits include a miniature mine field and UN partner, Handicap International, will provide demining demonstrations throughout the day in New York.

Also at UN Headquarters in New York and in parallel in Geneva, a multi-media exhibit, entitled ‘For a Mine-Free World’, opens today to mark the Day and highlight 20 years of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines. The exhibits include a miniature mine field and UN partner, Handicap International, will provide demining demonstrations throughout the day in New York.

The event is organized by Handicap International, medico international, Solidarity Service International, the Federal Foreign Ministry of Germany, and UNMAS.

This year also marks 40 years since bombing stopped in the Lao countryside. The UN Development Programme (UNDP) and the Permanent Mission of Laos to the UN will mark the date with a launch at UN Headquarters in New York of a new campaign that includes national speakers.

“Voices from Laos: Clearing Bombs, Protecting Lives” will travel to some of the major US cities after leaving New York. According to its website, the campaign creates a space for dialogue on how individuals and communities are affected by Viet Nam War-era unexploded ordnance (UXO) in Laos, how the problem is being addressed in the country, and ways in which people in the US can help to clear Laos of bombs, support survivors of accidents, and help to create a safer future.

In Afghanistan, high-level participants from the Government and the international community will meet in an official ceremony in Kabul. Afghanistan remains one of the most heavily mined countries in the world with 80 per cent of landmines and explosive remnants of war on agricultural land.

In Belgium, the exhibit “LANDMINES: Treacherous weapons” is now open at the Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History, among other events.

In Colombia, the UNMAS demining programme, ‘Archangeles,’ the Government and the mine action community carry out national campaigns around the theme of Lend your Leg, which asks participants to show support for landmine survivors by rolling up their pant leg in a symbolic gesture of solidarity with landmine survivors across the globe that have lost limbs to landmines and unexploded ordnance.

In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), 10 days of Mine Action have been underway since 25 March. During that time, the Government launched the National Landmine Contamination Survey (NLCS), and also declared the province Bas Congo as the first in DRC to be mine-free.

At the African Union Headquarters in Ethiopia, UNMAS and the regional organization organized an exhibit entitled “Mine Action in Africa” which includes a demining demonstration.

In Iraq, events include a social media campaign in English and Arabic to support demining activities in the country.

The UN peacekeeping operation in Lebanon (UNIFIL) today holds a half-day ceremony honouring demining personnel from troop-contributing countries: Belgium, Cambodia, China, France, Italy and Spain. The event includes demonstrations of demining techniques, with dogs, robots and detectors.

In Somalia, the UNMAS programme there organized two days of events starting on 3 April, including public demonstrations of mine clearing and destruction of stockpiled unexploded ordnance, film screenings, a poetry competition and a basketball game.

The UN peacekeeping operation in South Sudan (UNMISS) organizing a photo exhibition by photographer Marco Grob, who visited the country earlier this year. The Mission, along with the Government and their partners, will also promote the ‘Lend your Leg’ campaign.

** Source: UN News Centre, 4 April 2013; www.un.org




Zurück zur Landminen-Seite

Zurück zur Homepage