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"... tief besorgt über den Bruch des humanitären Völkerrechts und der Menschenrechte durch Israel" / "... expresses grave concern at the violations of the human rights of the Palestinian people caused by the Israeli occupation"

UN-Menschenrechtsrat verabschiedet Resolution und beschließt Entsendung einer Erkundungsmission in die von Israel besetzten Gebiete / Human Rights Council adopted a resolution and decided to urgently dispatch the Special Rapporteur on the occupied Palestinian territories to undertake a fact-finding mission on the situation

Der neu gebgründete Menschenrechtsrat der Vereinten Nationen (UN) hat auf seiner ersten Sondersitzung am 6. Juli 2006 in Genf eine Resolution verabschiedet, in der die israelischen Militäraktionen im Gazastreifen verurteilt werden. Außerdem beschloss der Rat die Entsendung einer Erkundungsmission in die von Israel besetzten Gebiete. Sie soll die Lage der Menschenrechte untersuchen.



Der von den islamischen Staaten eingebrachte Resolutionsentwurf wurde mit 29 gegen elf Stimmen bei fünf Enthaltungen angenommen. Laut Resolution ist der Rat "tief besorgt über den Bruch des humanitären Völkerrechts und der Menschenrechte durch Israel als Besatzungsmacht in den palästinensischen Gebieten". Die EU-Staaten stimmten dagegen. Die EU und die Schweiz hatten zuvor vergeblich versucht, durch abgeschwächte Formulierungen einen breiteren Konsens herzustellen.

In dem verabschiedeten Text werden die jüngsten Militäraktionen Israels in den besetzten Gebieten aufgezählt: die Zerstörung der palästinensischen Infrastruktur, einschließlich Wasserleitungen, E-Werke und Brücken, die willkürliche Verhaftung palästinensischer Minister, Parlamentsabgeordneter und Beamter sowie die Bombardierung von Ministerien. Nur indirekt werden auch die Palästinenser als "betroffene Partei" aufgefordert, von Gewalt gegen die Zivilbevölkerung abzusehen und gefangen genommene Kämpfer gemäß den Genfer Konventionen zu behandeln - ein diskreter Hinweis auf den vor einer Woche entführten Soldaten Gilad Schalit. Nicht erwähnt wird auch der andauernde Beschuss israelischer Ortschaften mit handgefertigten Raketen vom Gazastreifen aus. Die westlichen Staaten betrachten daher den Text als "einseitig". Die von der EU und von der Schweiz eingebrachten Änderungsvorschläge wurden von den islamischen Staaten nicht gebilligt. Demgegenüber fand ein Gegenvorschlag Pakistans nicht die Zustimmung des Westens, wurde aber mehrheitlich angenommen. Darin wird insbesondere auf die Einhaltung des Völkerrechts sowie der Genfer Konventionen gepocht.

Argentinien, Brasilien und Uruguay stimmten trotz einiger Bedenken für den von den islamischen Staaten unterbreiteten Resolutionsentwurf. Die drei südamerikanischen Staaten erläuterten in einer gemeinsamen Stellungnahme, dass sie die der palästinensischen Zivilbevölkerung auferlegten Leiden missbilligen. Beide Konfliktparteien müssten von kollektiven Bestrafungen absehen.
Der israelische Botschafter bei den UN in Genf, Itzhak Levanon, bezeichnete die Resolution erwartungsgemäß als "absolut unannehmbar". Deutschland, das in den Menschenrechtsrat von der UN-Generalversammlung mit der höchsten Stimmenzahl gewählt worden war, beteiligte sich nicht an der Debatte, stimmte am Ende aber gegen die Resolution.

Im Folgenden dokumentieren wir eine Presseerklärung über die Sondersitzung und die Resolution, die auf der Website des UN-Menschenrechtsrats veröffentlicht wurde (Quelle: www.unhchr.ch).

HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL DECIDES TO DISPATCH URGENT FACT-FINDING MISSION TO THE OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES

Human Rights Council
6 July 2006

Adopts Resolution on the Situation and Concludes its First Special Session

The Human Rights Council this morning adopted a resolution on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory in which it decided to urgently dispatch the Special Rapporteur on the occupied Palestinian territories to undertake a fact-finding mission on the situation.

In a resolution on the human rights situation in the occupied Palestinian territory, adopted by a vote of 29 in favour, 11 against and five abstentions, the Council demanded that Israel end its military operations in the occupied Palestinian territory; expressed grave concern at the detrimental impact of the current Israeli military operation on the already deteriorating humanitarian conditions of the Palestinian people; urged Israel to immediately release the arrested Palestinian ministers, and members of the Palestinian Legislative Council; and decided to dispatch an urgent fact-finding mission headed by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the occupied Palestinian territory.

A vote had also been called on an amendment by Pakistan to proposed Swiss amendments to the draft resolution. The Pakistani amendment was approved by a vote of 28 to 0, with 17 abstentions. By that amendment, the Human Rights Council urged all concerned parties to respect the rules of international humanitarian law, to refrain from violence against the civilian population and to treat under all circumstances all detained combatants and civilians in accordance with the Geneva Conventions.

Israel, speaking as a concerned country, asked the Council to vote against the resolution, and Palestine, speaking as a concerned party, called on all delegations to vote in favour of the text.

Canada said that it was its view that the new Council should deal with such a controversial matter by consensus and so it would abstain. Switzerland also abstained, as it felt that the draft resolution was not balanced. It was not that the parties to the conflict had to be treated on an equal footing, but that both parties should be reminded of their obligations, Switzerland felt. Many speakers pointed to the issue of balance in focusing on the obligations of both parties to the conflict, but there remained a sharp division among countries on whether the text was acceptable or not. Finland, speaking for the European Union, regretted that the text did not treat the parties in a more balanced manner, in particular, by calling for the immediate and unconditional release of the Israeli soldier, and calling on the Palestinian leadership to cease its Qassam rocket fire on Israeli territory. Others, such as Ecuador, regretted that a more balanced text could not have been presented, but felt that situations of dire human rights violations, such as were present in the occupied Palestinian territory today, required urgent action by the Council. Still others, such as Cuba, felt that the draft resolution, as amended, presented a more balanced text, and one that was more in keeping with the language of the Geneva Conventions than in the Swiss proposal.

Speaking in explanations of the vote before the vote were Finland, on behalf of the European Union, Canada, the Russian Federation, Cuba, Switzerland, the Philippines, Guatemala, China, Peru, and Ecuador. Speaking in explanations of the vote after the vote were Brazil, speaking also on behalf of Argentina and Uruguay, Japan, and Mexico.

The special session, the first called for by the Human Rights Council, opened on Wednesday, 5 July in the afternoon and heard from a long list of speakers, headed by John Dugard, the Special Rapporteur on the situation in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967.

The second regular session of the Council will be held from 18 September to 10 October 2006.

Resolution on Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

In a resolution (A/HRC/S-1/L.1/Rev.1), entitled "Human rights situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory", as revised and amended, which was adopted after a vote of 29 in favour, 11 against, and 5 abstentions (Cameroon, Mexico, Nigeria, the Republic of Korea, and Switzerland), the Human Rights Council expresses grave concern at the violations of the human rights of the Palestinian people caused by the Israeli occupation, including the current extensive Israeli military operations against Palestinians in the Occupied Palestinian Territory; demands that Israel, the occupying Power, end its military operations in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, abide scrupulously by the provisions of international humanitarian law and human rights law, and refrain from imposing collective punishment on Palestinian civilians; expresses grave concern at the detrimental impact of the current Israeli military operation on the already deteriorating humanitarian conditions of the Palestinian people; urges Israel, the occupying Power, to immediately release the arrested Palestinian ministers, members of the Palestinian Legislative Council and other officials, as well as other arrested Palestinian civilians; urges all concerned parties to respect the rules of international humanitarian law, to refrain from violence against the civilian population and to treat under all circumstances all detained combatants and civilians in accordance with the Geneva Conventions; decides to dispatch an urgent fact-finding mission headed by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territories; and calls for a negotiated solution to the current crisis.

The result of the vote was as follows:

In favour (29): Algeria, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Cuba, Ecuador, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, Uruguay, and Zambia.

Against (11): Germany, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Japan, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, United Kingdom and Ukraine.

Abstentions (5): Cameroon, Mexico, Nigeria, Republic of Korea, and Switzerland.

At the beginning of the meeting, a vote was held on the sub-amendments proposed by the delegation of Pakistan. The sub-amendments were passed by the following vote:

The result of the vote was as follows:

In favour (28): Algeria, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Cuba, Ecuador, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Pakistan, Philippines, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, Uruguay, and Zambia.

Abstentions (17): Cameroon, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Japan, Netherlands, Nigeria, Peru, Poland, Republic of Korea, Romania, Switzerland, Ukraine, and United Kingdom.

Source: www.unhchr.ch


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