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Der UN-Menschenrechtsrat in Genf verabschiedete fünf Resolutionen gegen die israelische Besatzungs- und Siedlungspolitik. Es gabe nur eine Nein-Stimme: die der USA

Am 22. März 2012 verabschiedete der Menschenrechtsrat der Vereinten Nationen in Genf eine Reihe von Anträgen, die sich mit der Situation in den besetzten palästinensischen Gebieten und mit der Politik, insbesondere der Siedlungspolitik Israel befassen. In allen Resolutionen wird Israels Besatzungsregime kritisiert.
Im Folgenden dokumentieren wir aus dem Sitzungsbericht die jeweiligen Kurzfassungen von fünf Resolutionen sowie das Abstimmungsverhalten der 47 Mitglieder des Rates. Alle fünf Resolutionen wurden von Pakistan eingebracht.

In der ersten Resolution verlangt der Menschenrechtsrat, dass Israel den fortwährenden Bau von Siedlungen in den besetzten syrischen Golan-Höhen. In Resolution Nr. 2 wird das Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Palästinenser festgestellt und die Zweistaatenlösung gefordert. Resolution 3 thematisiert die illegalen Maßnahmen Israels in den besetzten Gebieten einschließlich Jerusalem und erklärt sie für ungültig. Dabei wird an die Genfer Konvention von 1949 erinnert. Die vierte Resolution verurteilt die Ankündigung der israelischen Regierung über den Ausbau der Siedlungen in den besetzten Gebieten einschließlich Jerusalem. Und Resolution Nr. 5 fordert die Einsetzung einer Kommission, die noch einmal den israelischen Kriegseinsatz in Gaza (2009/10) untersuchen und dabei u.a. den Einsatz verbotener Munition überprüfen soll.

Die Resolutionen wurden mit klaren, allerdings unterschiedlich deutlichen Mehrheiten verabschiedet. Der einzige Staat, der gegen alle Resolutionen votierte, waren die USA.

Eine harsche Reaktion der israelischen Regierung konnte natürlich nicht ausbleiben. Wir dokumentieren sie im Anschluss weiter unten (Kasten).

Action on Resolutions on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and Other Occupied Arab Territories

1. Action on Resolution on Human Rights in the Occupied Syrian Golan

In a resolution (A/HRC/19/L.3) regarding Human Rights in the Occupied Syrian Golan, adopted by a vote of 33 in favour, 1 against and 13 abstentions, the Council calls upon Israel to desist from its continuous building of settlements, the most recent of which is the settlement campaign being conducted by the so-called Golan Regional Council under the slogan “Come to the Golan”; further calls upon Israel to desist from imposing Israeli citizenship and Israeli identity cards on the Syrian citizens in the occupied Syrian Golan; calls upon Israel to allow the Syrian population of the occupied Syrian Golan to visit their families and relatives in the Syrian motherland through the Quneitra checkpoint; also calls upon Israel to release immediately the Syrian detainees in Israeli prisons, some of whom have been detained for more than 25 years; further calls upon Israel to allow delegates of the International Committee of the Red Cross to visit Syrian prisoners of conscience and detainees in Israeli prisons accompanied by specialized physicians to assess the state of their physical and mental health and to protect their lives; determines that all legislative and administrative measures and actions taken or to be taken by Israel, the occupying Power, that seek to alter the character and legal status of the occupied Syrian Golan are null and void, constitute a flagrant violation of international law and of the Geneva Convention, and have no legal effect; again calls upon States Members of the United Nations not to recognize any of the above-mentioned measures; and requests the Secretary-General to disseminate the present resolution as widely as possible and to report on this matter to the Human Rights Council at its twenty-second session.

The result of the vote was as follows:

In favour (33): Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Djibouti, Ecuador, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Thailand, Uganda and Uruguay.

Against (1): United States.

Abstentions (13): Austria, Belgium, Cameroon, Czech Republic, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Spain and Switzerland.

2. Action on Resolution on the Right of the Palestinian People to Self-Determination

In a resolution (A/HRC/19/L.33) regarding the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination, adopted by a vote of 46 in favour, 1 against and no abstentions, the Council reaffirms the inalienable, permanent and unqualified right of the Palestinian people to self-determination, including their right to live in freedom, justice and dignity and to establish their sovereign, independent, democratic and viable contiguous State; also reaffirms its support for the solution of two States, Palestine and Israel, living side by side in peace and security; stresses the need for respect for and preservation of the territorial unity, contiguity and integrity of all of the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem; urges all Member States and relevant bodies of the United Nations system to support and assist the Palestinian people in the early realization of their right to self-determination; and decides to continue the consideration of this question at its twenty-second session.

The result of the vote was as follows:

In favour (46): Angola, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chile, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Ecuador, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, Uganda and Uruguay.

Against (1): United States.

Abstentions (0)

3. Action on Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem

In a resolution (A/HRC/19/L.34) regarding the Human Rights Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, adopted by a vote of 44 in favour, 1 against and 2 abstentions as orally revised, the Council reiterates that all measures and actions taken by Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, in violation of the relevant provisions of the Geneva Convention and contrary to the relevant resolutions of the Security Council, are illegal and have no validity; demands that Israel cease all actions that violate the human rights of the Palestinian people; also demands that Israel comply fully with the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949; further demands that Israel cease all of its settlement activities, the construction of the wall and any other measures aimed at altering the character, status and demographic composition of the Occupied Palestinian Territory; condemns the firing of rockets against Israeli civilian areas resulting in loss of life and injury; demands that Israel comply with its legal obligations under international law, and General Assembly resolutions, and immediately cease the construction of the wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, dismantle the structure, and make reparation for all damage caused by the construction of the wall; calls upon Israel, the occupying Power, to cease prolonged closures and economic and movement restrictions, including those amounting to a blockade on the Gaza Strip, and to fully implement the Agreement on Movement and Access and the Agreed Principles for the Rafah Crossing, both of 15 November 2005, in order to allow for the sustained and regular movement of persons and goods and for the acceleration of long overdue reconstruction in the Gaza Strip; and urges Member States to continue to provide emergency assistance to the Palestinian people to alleviate the financial crisis and the dire socio-economic and humanitarian situation, particularly in the Gaza Strip.

The result of the vote was as follows:

In favour (44): Angola, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Ecuador, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Libya, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, Uganda and Uruguay.

Against (1): United States.

Abstentions (2): Cameroon and Guatemala.

4. Action on Resolution on Israeli Settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Including East Jerusalem, and in the Occupied Syrian Golan

In a resolution (A/HRC/19/L.35) regarding Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in the Occupied Syrian Golan, adopted by a vote of 36 in favour, 1 against and 10 abstentions, the Council condemns the recent Israeli announcements of the construction of new housing units for Israeli settlers in the West Bank and around occupied East Jerusalem; expresses its grave concern at: the continuing Israeli settlement and related activities; and the increasing number of newly built structures amounting to several thousands; urges Israel, the occupying Power: to reverse the settlement policy in the occupied territories, including East Jerusalem and the Syrian Golan and to prevent any new installation of settlers in the occupied territories; calls upon Israel to implement serious measures to prevent acts of violence by Israeli settlers; demands that Israel, the occupying Power, comply fully with its legal obligations; urges the parties to give renewed impetus to the peace process which will allow two States, Israel and Palestine, to live in peace and security; decides to dispatch an independent international fact-finding mission to investigate the implications of the Israeli settlements on the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of the Palestinian people throughout the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, with a mandate ending on submission of a report to the Council, and calls upon Israel not to obstruct the process of investigation and to cooperate fully with the mission; and requests the Secretary-General and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to provide all administrative, technical and logistical assistance to enable the mission to fulfil its mandate promptly and efficiently.

The result of the vote was as follows:

In favour (36): Angola, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Congo, Cuba, Djibouti, Ecuador, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Switzerland, Thailand, Uganda and Uruguay.

Against (1): United States.

Abstentions (10): Cameroon, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Republic of Moldova, Romania and Spain.

5. Action on Resolution on Follow-up to the Report of the United Nations Independent International Fact-finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict

In a resolution (A/HRC/19/L.36) regarding follow-up to the report of the United Nations Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict, adopted by a vote of 29 in favour, 1 against and 17 abstentions, the Council welcomes the efforts made by the Government of Switzerland, in its capacity as depositary of the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, to reconvene a conference of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention on measures to enforce the Convention in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem; recommends that the General Assembly consider launching an urgent discussion on the legality of the use of certain munitions; also recommends that the General Assembly remain apprised of the matter until it is satisfied that appropriate action with regard to implementing the recommendations made by the Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict in its report has been taken to ensure justice for victims and accountability for perpetrators; requests the Secretary-General to present to the Human Rights Council, at its twenty-first session, a comprehensive report on the progress made in the implementation of the recommendations of the Fact-Finding Mission; and requests the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to submit to the Human Rights Council, at its twentieth session, a progress report on the implementation of the present resolution.

The result of the vote was as follows:

In favour (29): Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Botswana, Chile, China, Congo, Cuba, Djibouti, Ecuador, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Mauritius, Nigeria, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Thailand and Uganda.

Against (1): United States.

Abstentions (17): Austria, Belgium, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Mexico, Norway, Poland, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Spain, Switzerland and Uruguay.

Quelle: Website des Menschenrechtsrats (HRC); www.ohchr.org">




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